行业洞察|人工智能助力各国政府提升生产力
发布时间:2025-05-09 14:52分类: 无 浏览:240评论:0

长期以来,各国政府始终致力于通过实施不同规模的改革措施来提高效率和生产力。
这与私营部门的变革、突破和进步如出一辙。一个世纪前,政府机构利用电话、电报和打字机等尖端技术,助力农村地区和整个国家迈向工业化。1上世纪八九十年代,政府机构借鉴了当时在企业高管层中广泛开展的全面质量管理(Total Quality Management)行动,2发起了“政府再造”(Reinventing Government)和新公共管理(New Public Management)行动,旨在精简系统,减轻监管负担,赋能政府机构领导人提高绩效。3
美国推行了一系列以提高效率和效益为重点的政府改革,包括1993年的《政府绩效与结果法案》(Government Performance and Results Act)、2000年的《总统管理议程》(President’s Management Agenda)以及2010年的《政府绩效与结果现代化法案》(GPRA Modernization Act)。4全球范围内的类似举措包括加拿大在20世纪90年代推出的“程序审查”(Program Review)5和欧盟在2000年发布的“里斯本战略”(Lisbon Strategy)。6近年来,政府与企业携手,实现了效率和生产力的飞跃式提升:从传统模式到电子政务,再到最终的全面数字化转型。7
步入高生产力时代
突破壁垒
协同联动:效能十倍提升的关键
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电邮:normansze@deloitte.com.cn
注:
1 William D. Eggers, Government 2.0: Using Technology to Improve Education, Cut Red Tape, Reduce Gridlock, and Enhance Democracy (Rowman & Littlefield, 2004).
2 David E. Osborne and Ted Gaebler, Reinventing Government: How the Entrepreneurial Spirit is Transforming the Public Sector (Basic, 1992); Charles S. Clark, “Reinventing government—two decades later,” Government Executive, April 26, 2013.
3 William D. Eggers and Donald F. Kettl, Bridgebuilders: How Governments Can Transcend Boundaries to Solve Big Problems (Harvard Business Review Press, 2023).
4 GPRA Modernization Act of 2010, Pub. L. No. 111-352, 124 Stat. 3866. Retrieved from https://www.congress.gov/111/plaws/publ352/PLAW-111publ352.pdf
5 Treasury Board of Canada Secretariat. (1997). Getting Government Right: Governing for Canadians. Retrieved from https://publications.gc.ca/collections/Collection/F1-23-1997E.pdf
6 European Council. (2000). Presidency Conclusions - Lisbon European Council. Retrieved from http://www.europarl.europa.eu/summits/lis1_en.htm
7 William D. Eggers and Joel Bellman, “The journey to government’s digital transformation,” Deloitte University Press, 2015.
8 Antonio Neri, “The public sector must accelerate digital transformation—or risk losing sovereignty and trust,” World Economic Forum, May 23, 2022.
9 Megan Sullivan, Joel Bellman, et. al., “Accelerated digital government: COVID-19 brings the next generation of digitization to government,” Deloitte Insights, March 4, 2021.
10 William D. Eggers, Delivering on Digital: The Innovators and Technologies That Are Transforming Government (Rosetta, 2016).
11 US Chamber of Commerce, “How the public sector is embracing digital transformation,” February 2, 2023.
12 Adriano Sacchetti, “Trelleborg case study: AI that changes care,” AI World, September 22, 2023. Note that Trelleborg’s automation has not come without some controversy, perhaps slowing Sweden’s wider adoption; see Katarina Lind, “Central authorities slow to react as Sweden’s cities embrace automation of welfare management,” Algorithm Watch, March 17, 2020.
13 Gianluca Misuraca and Colin van Noordt, “Artificial intelligence in public services. Overview of the use and impact of AI in public services in the EU,” AI Watch, 2020.
14 Catherine Rampell, “Why does the IRS need $80 billion? Just look at its cafeteria,” Washington Post, August 9, 2022.
15 Michelle Singletary, “This tax season, IRS answered just 10 percent of taxpayer calls,” Washington Post, June 24, 2022.
16 US Department of the Treasury, “Filing season 2023 report card: IRS delivered significantly improved customer service,” April 17, 2023.
17 Peter Viechnicki and William D. Eggers, “How much time and money can AI save government?”, Deloitte University Press, 2017.
18 Deloitte, “The generative AI dossier: A selection of high impact use cases across six major industries,” accessed February 7, 2024.
19 Deloitte Center for Government Insights, “Generative AI transforming government,” December 2023.
20 William D. Eggers et al., “How government can deliver streamlined life event experiences,” Deloitte Insights, July 12, 2022.
21 European Commission, “Quality of public administration: A toolbox for practitioners,” 2017.
22 Hendrik Scholta et al., “From one-stop shop to no-stop shop: An e-government stage model,” Government Information Quarterly 36, no. 1 (2019): pp. 11–26.
23 European Commission, “Quality of public administration: A toolbox for practitioners.”
24 Eggers et al., “How government can deliver streamlined life event experiences.”
25 Deloitte, “City operations through AI,” 2021.
26 Deloitte, “A smart city’s cloud-based command center,” 2019.
27 Apolitical, “Queensland hospitals can predict admissions ten years in advance,” August 3, 2017.
28 FDA Center for Drug Evaluation and Research (CDER) internal report, unpublished.
29 Police Service of Northern Ireland, Digital Strategy: 2021 and Beyond, September 2022; also see Deloitte Insights, “AI around the world,” February 27, 2023.
30 Tyna Eloundou et al., “GPTs are GPTs: An early look at the labor market impact potential of large language models,” arXiv, August 21, 2023.
31 Goldman Sachs, “Generative AI could raise global GDP by 7%,” April 5, 2023.
32 Author interview with Deloitte Tennessee project team.
33 Everton Heron, Prashanth Injam, and Mike Connors, “Implement, scale, operate & innovate: TennCare’s cloud strategy,” YouTube, November 29, 2023.
34 Ibid.
35 Ibid.
36 Sue Cantrell, “Strengthening the bonds of human and machine collaboration,” Deloitte Insights, November 22, 2022.
37 Anne Chan Min, “4,000 civil servants using government Pair chatbot for writing, coding,” Straits Times, July 18, 2023.
38 Yogesh Hirdaramani, “Is it time to say goodbye to ‘Ask Jamie’? Inside GovTech’s refresh of government chatbots,” GovInsider, September 13, 2023.
39 Singapore Government Developer Portal, “Data & AI literacy ePrimer,” September 12, 2023.
40 Edward Van Buren et al., “Scaling AI in government,” December 13, 2021.
41 White House, “Executive Order on the Safe, Secure, and Trustworthy Development and Use of Artificial Intelligence,” October 30, 2023.
42 AI.gov, “Join the national AI talent surge,” accessed December 14, 2023.
43 Vanessa Pena and Chelsea A. Stokes, “Tour of Duty Hiring in the Federal Government,” Institute for Defense Analyses, June 2019.
44 William D. Eggers, Amrita Datar, and John O’Leary, “The future of work in government,” February 28, 2019.
45 Author interview with Deloitte Tennessee project team.
46 Tasha Austin and Kevin Lubin, “How the US government can accelerate AI entrepreneurship,” Deloitte Insights, August 23, 2022.
德勤全球《2024年政府发展趋势报告》系列:
效能十倍提升:政府转型开启新篇章
提升政务效率,减轻公民负担,各国政府有何好做法?
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